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A Study on the Ship Energy Efficiency & GHG Emission Control in China
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 3, May 2020
Pages:
52-58
Received:
3 June 2020
Accepted:
28 June 2020
Published:
7 July 2020
Abstract: Greenhouse gas emissions from the shipping industry are one of the important causes of global climate change. Marine transportation, although indispensable and has made a significant contribution to economic development, emits about 940 million tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) each year, accounting for about 2.5% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions according to the Third IMO GHG Study 2014. As one of the major shipping nations, China has been committed to solving the problems of GHG control through extensively global cooperation with international organizations and other countries at all times. China has also continuously improved domestic legislation and strengthen law enforcement for the purpose of reducing gas emissions from shipping since the year of 2000. Although China has made quite a number of achievements in energy saving and GHG emission reduction in the shipping industry. on the road to green shipping, China still faces various problems and challenges. By analyzing the status of shipping industries and the practices in GHG control in shipping sector in China and discussing the obstacles in the Improvement of Ship EE & GHG Emission Reduction and Evaluations under the current circumstance, this paper proposed further actions to be taken to reduce GHG emissions in shipping sectors in China.
Abstract: Greenhouse gas emissions from the shipping industry are one of the important causes of global climate change. Marine transportation, although indispensable and has made a significant contribution to economic development, emits about 940 million tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) each year, accounting for about 2.5% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emission...
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The Mechanism for Hindrances of Coal-to-Gas Switching Policies in China
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 3, May 2020
Pages:
59-65
Received:
1 July 2020
Accepted:
14 July 2020
Published:
4 August 2020
Abstract: To improve air quality, Chinese governments issued a series of policies to carry out the coal-to-gas transition. However, the implementation of these policies has been hindered in practice, which has caused a series of negative effects. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the mechanism for hindrances of the implementation of coal-to-gas switching policies in China by using the archival research method. A systematic review of existing literature in Chinese coal-to-gas transition is used to select documents. The systematic review finds a total of 154 research articles from Google Scholar and CNKI and finally selects 20 articles based on the inclusion criteria regarding relevance to the research question, quality assessment, writing language, and accessibility. These articles are analyzed through frequency analysis to identify the importance of hindrances. The most frequent hindrance being mentioned in research articles is the insufficient gas infrastructure which is a common problem across many provinces in China. Economic issues including high prices and shortage funds are the second and third significant hindrances. Both of them are particularly common for Sichuan and Chongqing provinces. Local governments’ excessive implementation belongs to the political issue, which is particularly serious in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area. The policy issue of one-size-fits-all ranks at the fifth most important position, which is also especially serious in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area. Finally, several political issues containing inadequate incentives for the target group, energy security and underdevelopment of natural gas are specific hindrances for Xinjiang province, although less being mentioned, also significant.
Abstract: To improve air quality, Chinese governments issued a series of policies to carry out the coal-to-gas transition. However, the implementation of these policies has been hindered in practice, which has caused a series of negative effects. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the mechanism for hindrances of the implementation of coal-to-gas switching...
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Recent Developments in Environmental Law in Greece: A Commentary
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 3, May 2020
Pages:
66-69
Received:
5 June 2020
Accepted:
14 July 2020
Published:
4 August 2020
Abstract: The recently voted environmental law in Greece (Law 4685/2020) aims to modernize and simplify the existing provisions and administrative procedures on various topics of national environmental regulation. The draft provisions underwent extensive public consultations with all interested stakeholders on the basis of transparency. The objective of this paper is to present Environmental Law 4685/2020; for methodological reasons, an analysis of each Chapter of the Law is being analyzed. Specifically, the Law comprises of eleven Chapters, each attempting to approach different issues, with 136 articles in total and two annexes, being one of the most ambitious revision proposals in the field of environmental legislation in Europe for the time being. The examination of the Chapters shows that the majority of its provisions stem from European Union legislation, with which Greece -as a member state- needs to comply. In this context, national provisions based on older Directives have been updated, while recent European Union Directives have been transposed, on the basis of new societal needs. The paper concludes that the new Environmental Law is an ambitious legislative framework, which sets more efficient regulatory models and faster procedures in Greece for the preservation of the ecosystems and the promotion of economic development at the same time.
Abstract: The recently voted environmental law in Greece (Law 4685/2020) aims to modernize and simplify the existing provisions and administrative procedures on various topics of national environmental regulation. The draft provisions underwent extensive public consultations with all interested stakeholders on the basis of transparency. The objective of this...
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